Persian to Welsh: listening to someone need not mean adding another person
A short Welsh form can already identify a participant
A Persian conversation about an interview can distinguish the person speaking, the person listening, and the person whose account is being discussed. Welsh may express a personal reference inside an inflected preposition. A translation can therefore contain participant information in a place where a word-by-word Persian comparison does not immediately reveal it.
The Welsh Universal Dependencies documentation illustrates gwrando arni, listening to her, and gwrando arni hi with an additional pronoun referring to the same person. These examples show why a short prepositional form and a following pronoun should not automatically be counted as two separate people.
The University of Texas Persian pronoun table gives u for both he and she. It also explains that personal pronoun forms can serve different grammatical functions, illustrated with man as subject, object, and possessor. The unchanged source form must therefore be interpreted through its construction and context before the Welsh reference is assessed.
Keep the interviewer separate from the recorded speaker
Imagine a Persian-speaking researcher asking a Welsh-speaking colleague to listen to an interview recording. The researcher, the interviewer, and the recorded speaker may be three different people. This original research scenario requires identifying whose account the colleague should hear, rather than assuming that every personal reference concerns the person sending the file.
If the source uses u for the recorded speaker without further identification, that pronoun alone does not establish a male or female referent. A source-provided name or surrounding explanation may resolve the reference. Do not infer it from the interview topic, profession, or the fact that somebody conducted rather than answered the questions.
If the Welsh output includes the documented pattern with arni and hi, review whether both refer to the same recorded speaker. Removing one solely because the English gloss seems repetitive is not a reliable correction. Equally, two genuinely distinct people in the Persian exchange must not be merged just to make the translation shorter.
A transcript can contain several levels of speaking
The recorded speaker may quote another person while explaining an event. The person being listened to remains the recorded speaker, but the person whose words are quoted changes within that account. Retain quotation boundaries and identifying expressions when available so that a listener does not attribute every reported statement to the interviewee personally.
A request to listen also differs from a request to agree, summarise, or publish. Preserve the action requested by the researcher. A fluent translation should not turn access to an interview into permission to distribute it, especially when the source only asks the colleague to check what was said.
Review the completed message by tracing the file sender, the colleague addressed, the recorded speaker, and any quoted person independently. Welsh personal reference inside a preposition can make a compact phrase informative, while Persian can leave a distinction unstated. Preserve the evidence actually supplied rather than inventing another participant or a more definite identity.
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