Czech to Amharic: a present-tense you can require the listener’s gender
Czech finite verbs do not identify a male or female listener
The Czech UD account distinguishes finite verbs from participles in gender agreement: finite verbs do not inflect for gender. A Czech present-tense message addressed to one person can therefore leave that person’s gender unexpressed in the verb.
Amharic can require a different choice. Its documented nonpast tell forms distinguish ትነግር for masculine singular you from ትነግሪ for feminine singular you. A Czech source using a finite second-person verb does not supply this contrast automatically. Identify the addressee from the actual conversation rather than infer the listener’s gender from an unrelated noun nearby.
The object may require a second gender decision
The Amharic reference also contrasts ነገርኩህ and ነገርኩሽ, I told you addressed to a male or female recipient. Here the distinction belongs to an attached object pronoun, not the first-person actor doing the telling.
Imagine an original Czech message in which a woman says that she told a male colleague something. The source past participle can identify the female actor, while the Amharic object form must identify the male recipient. Copying the source participial gender onto that object would make the recipient female instead. Keep the teller and the person told separate even when the target combines references to both within one written verb.
A Czech case ending is not an instruction to make an Amharic suffix
Czech objects can occur in different cases depending on the governing construction. Amharic UD distinguishes subject agreement attached to verbs from object pronouns that are actual clitics. The source’s case information identifies relationships, but it does not provide a mechanical recipe for assembling target verb endings.
A Czech clause about speaking to someone and another about seeing someone can identify the same colleague through different forms. The Amharic translation needs the target verb’s own participant pattern. Preserve who acts and who is affected, rather than matching a Czech dative or accusative ending directly to whichever Amharic suffix looks most familiar. A correctly recognized personal name still needs its grammatical role interpreted.
A reply can change which person the next verb describes
In an original Czech handover exchange, a writer first asks a colleague to explain a procedure, then confirms that they told another colleague about it. The first clause concerns the listener as the person doing the explaining; the confirmation concerns a different person as recipient. Keep those roles separate when checking the Amharic forms. The gender information needed for one clause may belong to someone other than the person relevant to the next.
A copied reply can easily retain the wrong participant information. Before reusing the message, mark the writer, the addressed colleague and any person mentioned inside the report. Then identify who performs each action and who receives its content. Do not take a gender cue from a Czech past participle describing the writer and apply it to every attached target pronoun. If the conversation does not establish a necessary distinction, clarify the intended person rather than guessing from a name.
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