Bosnian to Azerbaijani: rebuild a with-phrase around a postposition
The target relation can follow its complement
The Bosnian case-marking study lists company and means among instrumental functions. Such source case information helps distinguish an accompanying person from an instrument used to perform an action. These are different interpretations even when an English gloss could use with for both.
The Peace Corps Azerbaijani introduction illustrates anam ilə, with my mother, using material after the noun expression. A Bosnian company phrase must consequently be reconstructed as an Azerbaijani expression with the right relation; preserving source word order and simply replacing its preposition would not produce the illustrated target pattern.
The person accompanying somebody may also be a possession’s owner
The Azerbaijani introduction describes a possessive construction with a genitive possessor and a possessive suffix on the possessed noun. Its examples include mənim bacım, my sister, and onun bacısı, his or her sister. The source participant’s role and the relationship inside the noun phrase are therefore separate questions.
For an original Bosnian description of somebody traveling with a friend’s sister, first identify the traveling companion, then identify whose sister that person is. The company relation links the companion to the event, while the owner expression identifies the family relationship. Reconstructing only one of those relations could change either who travels or whose relative is involved.
A changed suffix vowel does not mean the owner changed
The Peace Corps material contrasts plural kitablar, books, with güllər, flowers, and explains vowel harmony in suffix selection. Its genitive examples likewise vary the suffix vowel. A Bosnian translator should therefore not search for a single invariant target spelling for each source case or number category.
The Bosnian study describes agreement in gender, number, and case within a noun phrase. Azerbaijani harmony has a different organizing basis from that source agreement. When two possessions belong to the same person, their target suffix vowels can differ because their stems differ. Do not interpret that formal variation as evidence that two different owners have appeared in the Bosnian account.
Gendered source reference can converge on one target pronoun
The Azerbaijani personal-pronoun table gives o for third-person he, she, or it. This contrasts with gender information available in Bosnian noun-phrase agreement. A target pronoun can consequently leave a distinction unexpressed even when the Bosnian source grammatically makes it visible.
In a Bosnian passage alternating between two relatives, identify the antecedent of each reference before accepting repeated Azerbaijani o as sufficiently clear. Where a relation such as with my mother or my sister identifies the participant, preserve that lexical information rather than expecting the pronoun to carry all the source distinctions. At the same time, do not alter the event to manufacture a gender contrast in the target. The practical transfer is relational: retain who accompanies whom and who is related to whom, then build Azerbaijani possessive suffixes and postpositions for that structure. The source case ending and target suffix vowel are clues to different parts of this reconstruction.
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