Bhojpuri to Basque: the auxiliary can track more than the person acting
Do not read every agreement form as the subject
Bhojpuri verb agreement is not simply a matter of matching one English-style subject pronoun. Gopal Thakur Lohar’s Bara-Parsa field grammar describes interactions involving person, number, honorificity, and relations between participants. Basque also tracks participants through verb forms, but its agreement system organizes them through different grammatical relationships.
The Basque grammatical overview distinguishes agreement with absolutive, ergative, and dative arguments. In a typical transitive construction, the actor and the affected object do not occupy the same case category. An auxiliary can consequently encode information about more than the person carrying out the action. A changed auxiliary does not necessarily mean that the translator replaced the actor.
For a Bhojpuri message asking a colleague to return a book to its owner, keep the colleague, the book, and the owner separate. Changing one book to several books can affect the Basque agreement even though the colleague remains the person returning them. Likewise, changing the recipient can matter without changing the person responsible for the return.
Case belongs to the target construction
The Bara-Parsa study describes a nominative–accusative pattern and discusses marking of human or pronominal objects. That does not supply the case forms for Basque. Its typical intransitive subject is absolutive, whereas a typical transitive subject is ergative; the overview also identifies exceptions and other verb-specific patterns. Avoid turning this useful contrast into a claim that every Basque subject receives the same ending.
Compare a source message reporting that a colleague arrived with one reporting that the colleague returned a book. The person can be identical in both, while the Basque constructions assign different grammatical roles. A change to the name’s surrounding form is not evidence that a different colleague has arrived.
The return message may also specify an owner who is not the recipient. Someone can hand a borrowed book to a librarian while the book belongs to another person. Keep those relationships explicit in the Bhojpuri source when they matter. Do not use a single ambiguous reference for two people and expect the target agreement to reconstruct the intended arrangement.
A phrase ending can appear after a description
Basque normally places case marking at the end of the noun phrase. If an adjective follows the noun, the suffix can appear on that adjective rather than on the noun itself. The ending still belongs to the phrase’s grammatical relationship; it is not necessarily an additional property of the adjective.
This matters when the Bhojpuri message describes the book as old, new, or damaged. Adding a description can change where the visible ending appears in Basque. Removing that description from an existing translation may therefore require more than deleting one word. The remaining noun phrase still needs to express its role in the clause.
For a standalone return instruction, identify which book is meant and who should receive it, then translate the complete revised clause. Preserve any distinction between the owner and the person accepting the return. This lets Basque express the participants through its own phrase endings and auxiliary agreement while retaining the practical action requested in the Bhojpuri message.
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