Welsh to Chhattisgarhi: personal reference without importing Hindi agreement
One Chhattisgarhi sentence can cover two gendered source readings
Welsh can distinguish third-person reference with fe and hi, as the Learn Welsh Foundation guide shows in its verbal tables. Chhattisgarhi does not have to repeat that distinction in every equivalent sentence. Vinod Kumar Verma gives ओह गाना गावत हे for a person singing and pairs it with both masculine and feminine Hindi renderings. The target construction can therefore report the same action without visibly reproducing a source-language gender contrast.
For a Welsh message that already identifies the singer, this does not necessarily lose who is involved: the preceding noun or context can supply the reference. Conversely, if two people are being contrasted and Welsh fe versus hi carries the distinction, the Chhattisgarhi wording must remain clear about which one is singing. A shared pronoun pattern is not a reason to invent gendered Hindi verb endings.
Plural and respectful forms belong to Chhattisgarhi itself
Verma’s pronoun account lists हमन for we and तुमन among second-person forms. It also gives आप मन in a respectful request to eat. These are useful examples of the target’s own resources, rather than evidence that a translation should be rewritten into Hindi whenever its pronoun looks unfamiliar.
Welsh ni and chi establish person and number through Welsh grammar, including distinct auxiliary forms. Chhattisgarhi must rebuild the corresponding reference through its own pronouns and agreement. A Welsh reader should not interpret मन in the target as an extra named participant; in the documented pronoun expressions it participates in the group or address construction.
A word for a person may leave sex unspecified
Verma’s discussion of gender identifies संगी as a companion word usable for either sex and लइका as a word that can refer to a boy or girl. Such vocabulary is particularly useful when a Welsh source refers to someone through their role or age without making sex central to the message. A target word need not be forced into a more specific personal label.
The same account gives lexical contrasts such as डोकरा and डोकरी for male and female older people. These examples show a different possibility: the distinction can be inside the noun itself. Decide whether the Welsh sentence actually makes that contrast before selecting a gender-specific target word. The presence of grammatical gender elsewhere in Welsh is not by itself an instruction to add biological detail.
Welsh mutation is not a Chhattisgarhi word-form rule
Welsh changes word initials after particular grammatical triggers: the Academy grammar illustrates fy nhad and dy dad with different possessives. Chhattisgarhi derivational examples in Verma’s account instead include changes at the end of a noun, such as the documented male/female pair डोकरा–डोकरी. Their resemblance as changing word forms should not hide their different functions.
The Welsh examples keep the same father noun while changing the owner. The Chhattisgarhi pair changes the person category expressed by the noun. Understanding that difference prevents a target edit from turning an ownership distinction into a claim about a different kind of person.
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