Arabic to Lithuanian: a name’s ending identifies its role
Seven target cases are not three source cases
Formal Arabic distinguishes case, but Lithuanian has its own seven-case system and agreement across noun phrases. A source case label cannot simply be copied onto a target noun. The construction must express the same actor, recipient, owner, or location through Lithuanian grammar.
The corpus records Lietuva, Lietuvos, and Lietuvoje as forms associated with the country name Lithuania. They illustrate why an unfamiliar ending does not mean the translation has introduced another country. For an Arabic itinerary, compare the complete place expression and its relationship to the action instead of restoring every name to a dictionary spelling.
The target noun controls its own agreement
Lithuanian nouns have masculine or feminine grammatical gender, with agreement extending into adjectives and other related forms. Arabic also has masculine and feminine categories, but equivalent object words need not belong to the same category. The source noun's gender is not a universal target agreement rule.
For an Arabic product description, include the actual item name alongside its qualities. A detached adjective can leave the Lithuanian construction underspecified. Keep the item's gender distinct from the gender of the customer or owner; a woman requesting an object does not make every modifier in that object's description feminine.
A source dual may require an ordinary numeral construction
Arabic has a productive dual paradigm. Lithuanian retains dual forms in some usage, but a translator should not impose a matching dual ending on every noun and verb. The corpus distinguishes numeral forms including du and dvi, showing that a quantity interacts with target grammar.
For a reservation involving two people or two rooms, preserve exactly what the count modifies. An Arabic pair can be expressed compactly, but the target still needs the correct counted group. Review quantity and agreement together rather than accepting a general plural or selecting one numeral form merely because it looks more familiar.
A negative can be attached without being a different event
Lithuanian commonly uses ne- attached to a verb for negation. This differs from several Arabic negative constructions, including negative copulas and particles. A target action written as one negative word is not necessarily missing a separate source element.
Determine whether the Arabic denies a role, reports an action not completed, or prohibits an action before judging the target negative. Then check the participant roles once more under that scope. A useful final review for this direction follows case-marked places and people, noun-controlled agreement, exact pair quantities, and what proposition is negated. It preserves the practical reading of the source while allowing Lithuanian inflection to express relationships through endings that Arabic readers may not immediately recognize.
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